Uruguay's main industry is agriculture, with the majority of the country's agricultural land dedicated to livestock production. Services such as tourism also contribute to the country's relatively high standard of living. Banking and financial services and manufacturing also make up a signficant portion of the economy and are concentrated in the capital of Montevideo.
Uruguay had long been inhabited by indigineous people who would hunt, gather, and fish on the land. Europeans discovered the country in , but it was settled by the Portugese in In , the Spanish took control and founded Montevideo.
Few indigineous people remained. Uruguayans would later fight to resist takeover from Argentina and Brazil. In , a treaty proclaimed Uruguay as a separate state and buffer between the two countries. Uruguay's first constitution was established in A civil war ensued between the Blancos Whites and the Colorados Reds until the mids, with the two sides eventually becoming the country's conservative and liberal political parties, respectively.
The names of the parties were taken from the colors of the flags during the civil war. Uruguay would see increased development in the late s and increased immigration, both of which were aided by the introduction of a railroad to Montevideo. The country's population soared to one million by , up from around 70, at the time of independence. While civil war would continue to trouble the country, stability was finally achieved in when the Colorados were elected to power.
Uruguay suffered the effects of the Great Depression, but had an economic boom during World War II and the Korean War, selling wool, meat, and other animal products to European countries and the U. However, the end of the wars brought a slump for the Uruguayan economy and further political instability that lasted into the late s. New leadership would eventually bring about economic growth and more job opportunities that continue through present day. Unders may also enter.
All arrivals over six years old must present a negative PCR test taken within 72 hours of departure. They must also have travel insurance to cover them for Covid, and must fill in a passenger locator form within 48 hours before travel.
What's the Covid situation? Uruguay has registered a total of over , Covid cases as of November 3. Although that doesn't sound as much as other countries, at the start of March there had been just 60, cases over the whole pandemic.
Deaths have rocketed, from a total of at the end of March to 6, as of November 3. However, both infections and deaths are slowing down. Although Uruguay had one of the highest death rates per capita in the world over its winter the northern hemisphere summer , case numbers are now stabilizing.
The rise was initially blamed by some experts on domestic tourism, which many had hoped would help save the beleaguered economy at a time when foreign visitors are not permitted -- but it appears it was the Brazilian variant doing the damage. It meant that Uruguay went from a low-risk country welcomed by most others in the world, to being banned even by Sweden and the UK, which had notoriously high death rates.
Meanwhile, the country has purchased , Pfizer vaccines for tourists who want a third dose while on holiday. What can visitors expect? Although there's no official lockdown -- President Luis Lacalle Pou has opted for what he calls "responsible liberty" -- Uruguay has mandated the use of masks and social distancing. Many bars and restaurants remain shut until further notice, although some are offering delivery. Police patrol markets to ensure that the rules are being followed, and those under 65 are asked not to shop between 8 a.
The mayor of Maldonado, home to some of the country's best beaches, has told local media that he is discouraging tourism, and that if he could block the roads from Montevideo to his area, he would. Recognition U. Recognition of Uruguayan Independence, Diplomatic Relations Establishment of Diplomatic Relations, Establishment of the American Legation in Montevideo , Elevation of American Legation to Embassy Status,
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