Carver English Occupational surname for a carver, from Middle English kerve "cut". Causer English Occupational name for one who made leggings, derived from Old French chausse "leggings". Cavalcante Italian Derived from Italian cavalcare "to ride". Cavallo Italian Means "horse" in Italian, an occupational name for a horseman.
Chancellor English Occupational name for an administrator, a chancellor, from Norman French chancelier. Chaput French From a diminutive of the Old French word chape meaning "cloak, hood". The name referred to a person who made, sold or often wore cloaks. Chase English Occupational name for a hunter, from Middle English chase "hunt". Chlebek Polish From Polish chleb "bread" , used to denote a baker.
Chmela Czech Derived from Czech chmel "hops" , referring to a person who grew hops, a plant used in brewing beer. Clacher Scottish From Scottish Gaelic clachair meaning "stonemason". Clay English Means simply "clay" , originally referring to a person who lived near or worked with of clay.
Cloutier French Derived from French clou meaning "nail" , referring to someone who made or sold nails. Coelho Portuguese From the Portuguese word for "rabbit" , either a nickname or an occupational name referring to a hunter or seller of rabbits.
Coiro Italian From Italian cuoio meaning "leather" , ultimately from Latin corium. This was an occupational surname for a leather worker or tanner. Cojocaru Romanian From Romanian cojoc meaning "sheepskin coat".
This was an occupational name for a maker of these coats. Colombo Italian Either from Italian colomba "dove" indicating a dove keeper, or from the given name Colombo , which is derived from the same word.
This was the Italian surname of the 15th-century explorer Christopher Columbus. Colt English Occupational name for a keeper of horses, derived from Middle English colt. Constable English From Old French conestable , ultimately from Latin comes stabuli meaning "officer of the stable". It was an occupational name for a cook, a man who sold cooked meats, or a keeper of an eating house. Cooper English Means "barrel maker" , from Middle English couper.
Cornett English Derived from Old French cornet meaning "horn" , referring to one who worked as a horn blower. Cotterill English Derived from Middle English cotter meaning "cottager" , referring to a small tenant farmer.
Coupe English From Middle English coupe meaning "barrel" , a name for a barrel maker or cooper. Couture French Means "tailor" in Old French. Cropper English Occupational name derived from Middle English croppe "crop" , referring to a fruit picker or a crop reaper. Csizmadia Hungarian Means "bootmaker" in Hungarian. Darzi Persian Means "tailor" in Persian. Dean 2 English Occupational surname meaning "dean" , referring to a person who either was a dean or worked for one. It is from Middle English deen ultimately from Latin decanus meaning "chief of ten".
Demir Turkish Means "iron" in Turkish, originally referring to an ironworker. Demirci Turkish Means "blacksmith" in Turkish. Dobos Hungarian Derived from Hungarian dob meaning "drum". Originally the name was given to someone who played drums or made them.
Doctor English Originally denoted someone who was a doctor, ultimately from Latin doctor meaning "teacher". Draper English Occupational name for a maker or seller of woolen cloth, from Anglo-Norman French draper Old French drapier , an agent derivative of drap "cloth". A turner was a person who used a lathe to create small objects from wood or bone. A thresher was a person who separated the grains from a cereal plant by beating it. Dressler German Means "turner" from Middle High German dreseler , an agent derivative of drehen "to turn".
Duke English From the noble title, which was originally from Latin dux "leader". It was a nickname for a person who behaved like a duke, or who worked in a duke's household. Dwerryhouse English Indicated a person who worked or lived at a dyehouse, which is a place where dyeing was done.
Dyer English Occupational name meaning "cloth dyer" , from Old English deah "dye". Egger German South German occupational name meaning "plowman" or "farmer" , derived from German eggen "to harrow, to plow". Evangelista Italian Means "evangelist" in Italian. Farmer English Occupational name for a tax collector, from Middle English ferme "rent, revenue, provision" , from Medieval Latin firma , ultimately from Old English feorm. This word did not acquire its modern meaning until the 17th century.
Fashingbauer German From Fasching , a German carnival Fastnacht meaning "eve of the beginning of the fast", or the time before Lent celebrated in Austria and Bavaria, and bauer meaning "farmer". Fattore Italian Means "land agent, bailiff, steward, farmer" in Italian.
Faucher French Occupational name meaning "mower" in French, ultimately from Latin falx meaning "sickle, scythe". Fenstermacher German Means "window maker" in German. Ferro Italian , Spanish Means "iron" , ultimately from Latin ferrum. This was an occupational name for one who worked with iron. Fiddler English English form of Fiedler. Fiedler German Means "fiddler" in German. Fiscella Italian Derived from Italian fiscella , which was a basket used to conserve cheese.
The name was probably used to denote a person who made cheese. Fisher English , Jewish Cognate of Fischer. Fishman English Occupational name for a fisherman.
Fisker Danish Means "fisherman" in Danish. Fleischer German Occupational name meaning "butcher" in German. Fletcher English Occupational name for a fletcher, someone who attached feathers to the shaft of an arrow. It is derived from Old French fleche meaning "arrow". Forester English Denoted a keeper or one in charge of a forest, or one who has charge of growing timber in a forest see Forest.
A Wainwright was a man who made carts. Cartwright obviously has the same origin. An Arkwright was a man who made chests, which were called arks. Under the feudal system, most men were serfs or bondmen. That is where we get the surname Bond. However, some men were free so we have the surname Fry. A Franklin was a well-to-do farmer who owned his own land.
Foster is a corruption of Forester. A Knatchbull was a man who hit bulls on the head to stun them before they were slaughtered. A Bolter was a man who sifted meal although he could also be a man who made bolts, either the ones you use with nuts or bolts for crossbows.
The surname Bolt may be short for bolter but it has also been suggested it was a nickname for a person who was short and fat and looked like a bolt. In a castle, a chamberlain was an important official. The name Spencer comes from a man who dispensed stores.
Other officials were the Parker who looked after the game park and the Warriner who looked after rabbit warrens.
From him, we get the surname Warner. The reeve was an important official in a Medieval village. Bailey is a corruption of bailiff, another important official.
Dempster is derived from deemster, an old English word for a judge. Two other court officials were the summoner, who brought the prisoner before the judge and the beadle. At a feast, people dipped their fingers in water between courses and they dried them with towels provided by a Napier. The Marshall was responsible for seating arrangements. A Kitchener washed up.
The surname Parsons was given to a parsons servant. There were also people who looked after certain things e. Coward is derived from cowherd. There was also a hog-ward who gave us the surname Hoggart. A stot was a young ox and the man who looked after him was called a stot herd, which has become the surname Stoddard. The surnames Yates and Yateman are corruptions of gates and gateman i. A Burgess was a well-off man who had certain rights in the borough where he lived.
Many people were given surnames like Robinson or Williamson. Wat was short for Walter so we also have the surname Watson. People named Hugh were sometimes called Hudd so we have the surnames, Hudd and Hudson. Hutchinson and Hutchins both come from Hutchins, which was a pet name for a person named Hugh. Davy was short for David. We also have Dawkins. Daw was a pet name for David so we also have the surname, Dawson.
Huggins is from Hugh-kins. Jenkins is from Jan-kins. So we have Hitchcock Hitch was a pet name for Richard. We also have Wilcock. Men called Nicholas were sometimes called Nicol. Surnames like Nichols and Nicholson are derived from there. Occupation: Fisherman This occupational name derives from the Old English word fiscere , meaning "to catch fish. Occupation: Champion wrestler or jouster A strong man who was a champion at jousting or wrestling may have been called by this surname, Kemp derives from the Middle English word kempe , which came from Old English cempa , meaning "warrior" or "champion.
Occupation: Miller A man who made his living grinding flour from grain often took on the surname Miller. Occupation: Metal worker Anyone who worked with metal was called a smith. A black smith worked with iron, a white smith worked with tin, and a gold smith worked with gold.
This was one of the most common occupations in medieval times, so it is little wonder that SMITH is now among the most common surnames worldwide. Occupation: Mason This surname was often bestowed upon a special kind of mason; someone who specialized in building walls and wall structures. Interestingly, it may also be an occupational name for someone who boiled sea water to extract the salt, from the Middle English well en , meaning "to boil.
Hundreds of surnames initially derived from the occupation of the original bearer. Some examples include: Bowman archer , Barker leather tanner , Collier coal or charcoal seller , Coleman one who gathered charcoal , Kellogg hog breeder , Lorimer one who made harness spurs and bits , Parker someone in charge of a hunting park , Stoddard horse breeder , and Tucker or Walker one who processed raw cloth by beating and trampling it in water.
Actively scan device characteristics for identification. Use precise geolocation data. Select personalised content. Category : England Surnames. Navigation menu Personal tools English. Namespaces Page Talk. Views Read View source View history. Submit Wiki Content Report a Problem. The original content for this article was contributed by The National Institute for Genealogical Studies in June
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