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The business managers surveyed give their opinion on the change in production itself and the level of related variables, such as order books and stocks.
The survey also aims to transcribe the opinion of business managers on demand for their products and on their production capacity. The ASI, on the other hand, includes factories operating for any number of days during the last year. Thus, the number of units missing in the ASI frame is likely to be larger than 1. This huge magnitude of units missing from the ASI frame seems to raise serious doubt about the efficacy of the functioning of the CIFs in maintaining up-do-date registers of factories.
The findings are as under: The ratio of the number of missing units as estimated from the NSS 51st Round to estimated number of working units as per ASI was of the order of about per cent for the year ; and The corresponding ratios with respect to the other two variables were about 28 per cent for total number of workers and 4.
It is also quite likely that there will be considerable variation in the value of R for different industry groups. An examination of data of six ASI rounds, i. Recommendations 5. The CSO and the NSSO should take immediate steps to prepare directories of establishments that employ at least 10 workers [2] based on data collected in the Fourth Economic Census and the recent Follow-up Enterprise Surveys of Economic Census, respectively so that these could be made use of by the CIFs in their work of updating the lists maintained by them.
This comprehensive frame should be prepared by taking into account the lists maintained by the CIFs, the directories of establishments prepared by the CSO and the NSSO and information available from other sources. The comprehensive frame so prepared should be updated on a continuing basis using survey and census data as well as information available from other sources. The additional resource requirements for carrying out the work should also be met.
The CIFs should take steps to simplify the process of de-registration of closed units so that units non-operating for a long time could be removed from the registers of factories of the CIFs. As mentioned before, all factories in the census sector and a sample of those in the sample sector are covered for data collection.
As the accuracy of various estimates made from the ASI would be affected by both sampling errors and non-sampling errors, a sound statistical system should continuously endeavour to reduce both kinds of error in the estimates. The following are a few important factors responsible for the sampling and non-sampling errors in the estimates: Absence of a comprehensive list of factories Limitation of sample size Missing entries and typographical errors Wrong calculations including totalling mistakes, and Entries left blank due to transcription errors or other reasons.
Of these, the deficiencies in the list of factories have been discussed in detail before. In this context, the Commission attempted to assess the precision of estimates of a few important survey characteristics based on the present sampling design and sample size, using recent survey data.
The assessment was done for all industry groups combined, as well as for two- and three-digit industry groups at the all-India level. However, at the State and Union Territory level, the assessment was done for all industry groups combined and for two-digit industry groups description of two-digit industry groups is in Annexe 5. Relative standard errors RSEs of the estimates of input, output and gross value added GVA were computed from the estimates of totals based on the two half-samples of ASI, [3].
An analysis of the RSEs see Annexes 5. Of the 2-digit industry groups totalling 29, the number of industry groups with RSE of the all-India estimate greater than 5 per cent is 13 for input, 12 for output and 11 for GVA see Annexe 5. In 5 industry groups, the RSE of the all-India estimate exceeded 10 per cent for each of the three characteristics.
Descriptions of the industries with RSE of an all-India estimate greater than 5 per cent along with the corresponding number of units in the frame and sample size i. The percentage of the 3-digit industry groups for which the RSE of all-India estimate exceeded 10 per cent for all three characteristics was about 41 to 42 per cent see Annexe 5. In 42 to 44 per cent of the 4-digit industry groups, the RSE of the all-India estimate exceeded 10 per cent for all three characteristics.
In the case of input, the picture was broadly similar. The situation would in all probability be worse at the 3 or 4- digit level of industry groups for States and Union Territories. Interestingly, as long ago as in , the Committee set up to review the national statistical system had recommended that statistical agencies should provide information on sampling errors along with the estimates based on sample surveys. This does not seem to have been implemented.
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